Efektivitas Terapi Kognitif-Perilaku Konvensional dan Berbasis Internet (iCBT) untuk Gangguan Makan: Tinjauan Perbandingan Berbasis Bukti
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/fjpa.v3i1.779Keywords:
Terapi kognitif-perilaku konvensional, terapi kognitif-perilaku berbasis internet, gangguan makanAbstract
Gangguan makan memerlukan pendekatan terapi yang efektif. Terapi kognitif-perilaku (CBT) konvensional telah terbukti efektif, sementara CBT berbasis internet (iCBT) menawarkan akses yang lebih luas. Tujuan tinjauan ini adalah membandingkan efektivitas CBT dan iCBT dalam penanganan gangguan makan seperti bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, dan anoreksia nervosa. Sebanyak 18 studi RCT dan kuasi-eksperimental dianalisis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa CBT konvensional memberikan penurunan binge eating yang lebih besar (60–75%), perbaikan gejala psikologis, dan tingkat putus terapi lebih rendah (10–20%) dibandingkan iCBT yang menunjukkan efektivitas sedang (40–55%) dan drop-out lebih tinggi (25–40%). Namun, iCBT dengan dukungan terapis menunjukkan hasil yang mendekati CBT konvensional. Meta-analisis menunjukkan keunggulan signifikan pada CBT (p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya, meskipun CBT konvensional tetap paling efektif, iCBT dengan dukungan profesional merupakan alternatif yang menjanjikan dan mudah diakses untuk mengatasi gangguan makan.
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